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See at a different scale, at a different time...National Center for Supercomputing Applications (NCSA)Become smaller than an atom or larger than the universe. Journey back in time and space to the birth of galaxies, watch ripples of gravity as black holes collide or travel through the human bloodstream. Build a city of cathedrals, mosques, and pyramids or listen to the sounds of chaos. All of these are possible within virtual environments. |
From abstract data visualisation to data exploration and to interaction with dataHuman Interface Technology LaboratoryComputer visualization is reshaping how scientists evaluate and explore their data and promises to transform how students learn. Within the past four decades, dramatic advances in graphic display and high-end computing have made it possible to transform billions of bits of data into interactive, three-dimensional images that you can manipulate in real time. Here, all the display and feedback devices that make this possible are collectively termed "Virtual Environments. " |
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To Build or to Sell ?Detroit Midfield Terminal Project |
The term 'Virtual Reality' (VR) was initially coined by
Jaron Lanier, founder of VPL Research (1989). Other related terms include 'Artificial
Reality' (Myron Krueger, 1970s), 'Cyberspace' (William Gibson, 1984), and, more
recently, 'Virtual Worlds' and 'Virtual Environments' (1990s).
* * * STARRING: Jeff Fahey, Pierce Brosnan, Jenny Wright, Mark Bringleson, Geoffrey
Lewis, Jeremy Slate, Dean Norris
1992, 105 Minutes, Directed by: Brett Leonard
Oh dear. Virtual reality finally hits the big screen -
but not exactly in the way sci-fi fans or virtual reality boffins would have
liked it. VR boffins complained that Lawnmower Man created unrealistic expectations
amongst the public of what to expect from their "LSD of the 1990s"
(as once 'Sixties drug guru Timothy Leary dubbed it - talk about creating unrealistic
expectations!). Sci-fi fans complained that the movie was mostly cack.
They had it right: the plot, a mishmash of horror and the latest in technological
buzzwords, doesn't quite make the grade. Effects wise, this film deserves all
the accolades it can get. The computer graphics are spectacular and this movie
is the first time cyberspace really makes it to the big screen. However, one
cannot help but leave the cinema feeling cheated, feeling that all those incredible
graphics might have been better served by a better screenplay - perhaps William
Gibson's Neuromancer...
* * * STARRING: Keanu Reeves, Dolph Lundgren, Takeshi, Ice-T, Dina Meyer, Udo
Kier, Denis Akiyama, Henry Rollins, Tracy Tweed, Don Francks
1995, 98 Minutes, Directed by: Robert Longo
Cyberpunk godfather William Gibson's work finally makes it to the big screen. Unfortunately it is too late and one wonders what would have happened had his Hugo award-winning Neuromancer been made into a movie shortly after its publication. The sad truth is that we have already had buzzwords such as virtual reality and cyberspace explained in (albeit lesser) films such as
What it is NOTWhen 'Virtual Reality' is used in a confusing and misleading manner...Usual image :What the media usually show : a person with a visiocasque and a dataglove... |
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The Lawnmower ManSynopsis:
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JOHNNY MNEMONIC
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The book :NeuromancerBy the Cyberpunk godfather William Gibson |
The user should perceive the delai between its action (motor) and the sensory response from the system. The max delai is about 100 ms (depends on wich sens)(25 fps <=> 40ms)
The "natural" is what you have learnt in the real life... Even if we once achieve to reach the same level of complexity (and some think it is not possible), one may wonder if we really need to reach the perfection to achieve effiency in regards to the expected result.
To make a difference from the set "screen, keyboard and mouse" which match with the Human Computer Interface field...
A Behavioral Interface is an apparatus that involve a human behavior, natural and without (or with short) learning period.
All the senses may be taken into account, not all are needed for all the applications
Other definitions often mixt purpose, what it is and what is is for (applications). Moreover, one should not define VR by the tools it uses (Head mounted display, dataglove...)
Not these all 4 points will be perfectly done in all VR application, but the 4 should appear if we want tobe able to talk about a VR project.
Which aspect will depend on the application. The hiher degree of realism is not always what should be targeted. Less realism but better (intuitif and/or interaction
The Purpose of VR is to allow one or several people to do sensorimotor, and thus mental, experiments in an artificial world, which is either imaginary, or a simulation of some aspects of the real world.
hearing |
sound |
ears,body |
The ability to hear; the auditory faculty; SYN. audition, auditory sense, sense of hearing, auditory modality. |
ouie |
sight |
image |
eyes |
The ability to see; the faculty of vision; SYN. vision, visual sense, visual modality. | vue |
touch |
surface / temperature |
skin |
The faculty of touch; SYN. sense of touch, skin senses, touch modality, cutaneous senses. | toucher |
smell |
odour |
nose |
The faculty of smell; SYN. sense of smell, olfaction, olfactory modality. | odorat |
taste |
savour, flavour |
tongue/nose |
The faculty of taste; SYN. gustation, sense of taste, gustatory modality. | gout |
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kinesthesia |
position, movement, muscular tensions |
muscles |
The perception of body position and movement and muscular tension etc; SYN: kinaestesia, feeling of movement | kinesthesie |
proprioception |
balance, acceleration, position, location, orientation, movement of the body |
ear |
The ability to sense the position and location and orientation and movement of the body and its parts. | proprioception |
ImmersionInput |
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InteractivityOutput |
Piaget : specialist in Child learning behaviour, the birth of the intelligence 1979
Imagine that you say to somebody that if he wants to stop his computer, he first has to clic on a start button... that is not natural at all, it is counterintuitive !
There is in it some parameter that describe a general situation where you may want to use that schema
Ex : When you grab an object, the same scheme may be used in different situation
Ex : when you grab and move around a position tracker instead of an object and you see the object on the screen, not in your hand.
when you hear a sound instead of touching or when a color tell you that it is hot.
When color tell you that it is dangerous...
When when you show where you want to go (The superman Metaphor)
When you say to the user, to get that, you should do that, because it is as if you were in such another situation
Driving a car could either schema, a schema by subsitution (you say : "drive me to the bigest house") or a metaphore ("use the keyboard to steer and change the speed and you will move as if driving a car")
The best is of course the Schema (Natural immersion), but it is not always possible or of good quality, and often the other solutions are then better (mor efficient)
From the desktop to the web crawling ("clic on the blue text to get" or ... to "get the page") and to the move around...
When you play a card game and the software put the card exactly at the right position, even if you put it 1 mm away.
Example : icon alignment
Everything that you will ever do in a VR is a combination of one of the following actions / VBP
BPVR, VBP = navigation,
object handling, visual observation, locomotion, orientation, etc.
(Move, Act is different from behave : result centric)
| French | English | Comment (Most of the time, "Ultralingua dictionary" definition) |
|---|---|---|
| Interface | Interface |
+. (Computer science) Hardware and associated circuitry that links one
device with another (especially a computer and a hard disk drive or other
peripherals); In VR field, it is a bit more complex, and it is one of the subject of this lecture to define it. A tool that allows a person to interact with a computer. For example, a mouse is an interface device that allows you to put information into a computer. Virtual reality includes interface devices such as head-mounted displays that transmit sensations of the artificial world, as well as transmitting information into the computer. |
| Interfacage | Interfacing | The fact to set up a interface |
| Sensorial | Sensory | Involving or derived from the senses; "sensory experience"; "sensory channels"; SYN. sensorial. |
| Sensorimoteur | Sensorimotor | Of or relating to the sensory and motor co-ordination of an organism or to the controlling nerves. |
| Motrice | Motor | Involving or relating to movements of the muscles; "motor co-ordination"; "a motor reflex"; "motor paralysis." |
| Comportemental | Behavioural | Of or relating to behaviour; "behavioural sciences"; |
| Comportement | Behaviour | The action or reaction of something (as a machine or substance) under specified circumstances; "the behaviour of small particles can be studied in experiments"; |
| Teleoperation | Teleoperation, Remote Control | Remote control of robot manipulators |
| Simulation | Simulation. | A computer model of a real phenomenon or system. The system is described by a set of mathematical formulae or models in a computer program. Running the computer program shows how the system works and, by changing variables, it is possible to make predictions about how the real system will change. When there are many variables, simulation is often the only way to reasonably predict an outcome. |
| Interaction | Interaction | A mutual or reciprocal action; interacting. |
| Interactivite | Interactivity | The quality of that which is interactive. |
| Effecteur | Effector | 1. A nerve fiber that terminates on a muscle or gland and stimulates contraction or secretion. 2. An organ that becomes active in response to stimulation. |
| metrologie | metrology | The science of, or a system of, weights and measures; also, a treatise on the subject. |
| psychophysique | psychophysics | The branch of psychology concerned with quantitative relations between physical stimuli and their psychological effects. |
| scheme | schema | An internal representation of the world; an organisation of concepts and actions that can be revised by new information about the world. |
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artefact |
artifact |
A man-made object; |
